What does undetectable = untransmittable (U=U) mean?
Overview of U=U, explaining how effective treatment lowers the level of HIV (the viral load) in the blood to a level where sexual transmission of HIV is no longer possible. When the levels are extremely low (below 200 copies/ml of blood measured) it is referred to as an undetectable viral load. At this stage, HIV cannot be passed on sexually.
Beyond criminalization: reconsidering HIV criminalization in an era of reform
This paper reviews recent studies examining the application of HIV-specific criminal laws in North America (particularly the United States and Canada). In the wake of the development of new biomedical prevention strategies, many states in the United States (US) have recently begun to reform or repeal their HIV-specific laws. These findings can help inform efforts to ‘modernize’ HIV laws (or, to revise in ways that reflect recent scientific advances in HIV treatment and prevention).
Vertical HIV transmission should be excluded from criminal prosecution (2009)
Joanne Csete and colleagues argue that criminal laws on HIV transmission and exposure should be reviewed and revised to ensure that vertical transmission is explicitly excluded as an object of criminal prosecution. Scaling up PMTCT services and ensuring that they are affordable, accessible, welcoming and of good quality is the most effective strategy for reducing vertical transmission of HIV and should be the primary strategy in all countries.
When Saliva Is a Crime: Reforming Mississippi’s HIV Criminalization Law Utilizing the Center for Disease Control and Criminalization Law Utilizing the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Policy Analytical Framework
In this study, Mississippi’s existing policy was identified using the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Policy Analytical Framework, and three possible policy options were analyzed and scored based on public health impact, feasibility, and economic and budgetary impact. Results of this analysis strongly indicate that Mississippi Code ANN. § 97-27-14 should be amended to be scientifically accurate and include a criminalization clause based on the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for the United States goals and the United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division best practices.
Базовая оценка 2.0. Обзор барьеров и анализ доступа к ВИЧ-услугам в странах ВЕЦА
Восточноевропейское и Центральноазиатское объединение людей, живущих с ВИЧ (ВЦО ЛЖВ), в рамках регионального проекта «Партнерство ради равного доступа к услугам в связи с ВИЧ-инфекцией» при поддержке Глобального фонда для борьбы со СПИДом, туберкулезом и малярией (ГФСТМ) провело оценку барьеров, препятствующих доступу ЛЖВ, ЛУИН, СР и МСМ к непрерывной помощи в связи с ВИЧ-инфекцией, с целью оказания помощи национальным НПО в разработке эффективной адвокационной стратегии. Это включает в себя криминализацию ВИЧ (стр. 96)
High rates of forward transmission events after acute/early HIV-1 infection
Uses a population-based phylogenetic approach to characterize HIV transmission dynamics in Quebec. Found early infection accounts for approximately half of onward transmissions. Suggests therapy at early stages of disease may prevent onward HIV transmission.
Informe del Relator Especial sobre el derecho de toda persona al disfrute del más alto nivel posible de salud física y mental
El informe (A/HRC/14/20) señala y describe claramente diversas formas en las que la criminalización socava la respuesta efectiva al VIH.