What does undetectable = untransmittable (U=U) mean?
Overview of U=U, explaining how effective treatment lowers the level of HIV (the viral load) in the blood to a level where sexual transmission of HIV is no longer possible. When the levels are extremely low (below 200 copies/ml of blood measured) it is referred to as an undetectable viral load. At this stage, HIV cannot be passed on sexually.
The System Is Broken – Audit of Australia’s Mandatory Testing Laws
Audit, led by Sally Cameron, HIV Justice Network’s Senior Policy Analyst, on behalf of HJN and the National Association of People with HIV Australia (NAPWHA) revealing that mandatory testing laws are at odds with national HIV testing policy and are operating outside the structured and highly successful HIV responses managed by clinicians and departments of health. The audit found that in many instances, the laws, their implementation, and monitoring include numerous structural failures, usually occurring in multiple states.
Datos empíricos para eliminar el estigma y la discriminación asociados al VIH — Orientaciones para que los países implementen programas efectivos que eliminen el estigma y la discriminación asociados al VIH en seis entornos
En este informe se analizan los datos empíricos más recientes acerca de programas clave que efectivamente funcionan para reducir el estigma y la discriminación asociados al VIH y ampliar el acceso a la justicia en los seis entornos en que se centra la Alianza Mundial.
Expert meeting on the scientific, medical, legal and human rights aspects of criminalisation of HIV non-disclosure, exposure and transmission
This report contains the views, opinions and suggestions for policy orientation and formulation of the participants at an expert meeting (convened on 31 August–2 September 2011 in Geneva, Switzerland) that brought together scientists, medical practitioners and legal experts in order (i) to consider the latest scientific and medical facts about HIV that should be taken into account in the context of criminalisation, and (ii) to explore how to best address issues of harm, risk, intent and proof—including alternative responses to criminalisation—in light of this science and medicine.
Les enjeux de la pénalisation de la transmission du VIH
Un compte-rendu de la journée d’étude organisée par la Plate-forme Prévention Sida et l’Observatoire du sida et des sexualités. Des acteurs scientifiques et institutionnels actifs en Belgique, France, Suisse, Canada examinent les enjeux de la pénalisation de la transmission du VIH en matière de lutte contre le sida, de judiciarisation des relations sociales et de droits humains.
Guide pratique à l’intention du législateur sur le VIH/SIDA, la législation et les droits de l’homme
A pour but d’aider les parlementaires et autres représentants élus à formuler et promulguer une législation efficace et à entreprendre une réforme législative appropriée pour lutter contre le SIDA. Donne des exemples d’approches législatives et réglementaires exemplaires, en provenance du monde entier. (Le contenu de ce guide va au dela de la criminalisation du VIH).
Comparative Sentencing Chart on HIV Criminalization in the United States
This chart, published by the Center for HIV Law and Policy in 2012, compares U.S. legislation on sentencing for HIV exposure, non-disclosure, and transmission with laws punishing drinking and driving, reckless endangerment of others, and vehicular homicide, showing HIV exposure frequently carries far higher sentences than more dangerous crimes.
Disparate risks of conviction under Michigan’s felony HIV disclosure law: An observational analysis of convictions and HIV diagnosis, 1992-2010
Found uneven application of HIV criminalization laws in the state of Michigan, with black men and white women having a comparatively greater risk of conviction than white men or black women. White women had the highest conviction rate of any group analysed, suggesting they may face a particular burden under these laws. Many of the white women convicted were especially disadvantaged by issues such as poor mental health, substance abuse and homelessness.